Amd Vs. Intel :: essays research papers

AMD versus Pentium      A couple of years back when Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) presented it’s K5 chip, the expression “too little, past the point of no return'; was put over their name on many occasions. Around then, if anybody somehow happened to name a longshot to the Intel overwhelmed microchip advertise, Cyrix with their very reasonable 5x86 processor would have been the top pick.      Intel had been the main processor that could deal with everyday capacities at sensible velocities. Such straightforward undertakings as word handling and computations, afterwards gaming and instructive work, the processors couldn't perform. The Pentium processor was presented in 1994; no organization could contend with Intel now. It took until 1997, for AMD to try and be seen, and afterward in 1997 the AMD k6 arrangement was presented.      When AMD’s k6 was acquainted with contend with the Pentium!! Processor, it missed the mark in all zones, aside from one-cost. It was the least expensive smaller scale preparing (chip) available. The drawback to this chip is that it didn't follow a similar arrangement as Intel chips. It required an alternate motherboard, an attachment 7 motherboard. This hurt AMD’s chances toward the start, yet in mid 1998 they divulged their strong K6-2 processor. The K6-2 Processor was “bigger, better, and less expensive.'; The processor ran on a 100mhz transport, while Intel’s chips despite everything ran on a 66mhz transport, this made AMD’s chip quicker. It additionally was about 16% less expensive than any Intel based Pentium!! PC.      The gaming network acknowledged the k6-2 with mindful, however open, arms. With their new SIMD-Enhanced (Single Instruction Multiple Data) 3Dnow! the illustrations this processor had the option to deliver were stunning, for the time, because of the utilization of coasting point concentrated projects. With the new processor and their own structure they were staying aware of the goliath Intel, however they were developing.      Intel replied back with its “SSE';, which was to be remembered for its Pentium!!! processors. This new upgrade was to push designs increasing speed twice as quick as AMD’s 3Dnow! could. When Intel rashly discharged the Pentium!!! processor it missed the mark. Numerous individuals got opportunities to take the new P3 for a run, and they were scarcely quicker than the likewise timed AMD K6-2’s. That, however they sold for more than multiple times the cost. At the point when updates on this arrived at the sellers and open, K6-2s deals had soar to 43.9 percent of the market, while Intel’s dropped to 40.

Compliance Status of Nightingale Community Hospital Information Management Essay Example

Consistence Status of Nightingale Community Hospital: Information Management Essay The accompanying pages will give an outline of the present consistence status of Nightingale Community Hospital dependent on the Information Management Priority Focus Area. From the data gave by Nightingale Community Hospital [the hospital] or promptly accessible to the review group, many Joint Commission gauges are not at present being met and will require remedial activity before a review to guarantee achievement. The following Joint Commission visit is foreseen in 13-months, and the medical clinic should concentrate on fixing these regions before at that point. These three gauges incorporate different Elements of Performance [EPs] that the medical clinic ought to be certain are executed inside arrangements or strategies that can be referenced by the Joint Commission. These guidelines were picked by the emergency clinic as the things to be inside pre-inspected in light of the fact that it is comprehended that these are key issues in the correct activity of the medical clinic and assurance of the patient’s information: 1) IM. 02. 02. 02 †This standard guarantees the medical clinic is viably dealing with the assortment of wellbeing data. This standard was picked for this area since this is the very beginning of the hospital’s duty to keep up precise and secure data for a patient. The procedure of Information Management begins with this standard being met. 2) RC. 01. 01. 01 †This standard guarantee the emergency clinic keeps up total and precise clinical records for every patient. This standard continues significance from the past referenced norm. This ties into Information Management for the emergency clinic in light of the fact that after the information is gathered, the medical clinic must keep up it appropriately to be inside consistence and secure their patients’ data. We will compose a custom article test on Compliance Status of Nightingale Community Hospital: Information Management explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Compliance Status of Nightingale Community Hospital: Information Management explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Compliance Status of Nightingale Community Hospital: Information Management explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer 3) RC. 01. 04. 01 †This standard guarantees clinics review their clinical records. This additionally follows a similar pattern as the initial two measures picked, on the grounds that so as to appropriately deal with the data, occasional reviews must be taken to affirm past strategies and methodology are not exclusively being trailed by staff, however are working in the hospital’s favor by fulfilling consistence and medical clinic guidelines. Page 1 of 5 Standard Label Text (The Joint Commission, 2012) IM. 02. 02. 01 The medical clinic successfully deals with the assortment of wellbeing data. Current Compliance Status of Nightingale Community Hospital: Information Management Elements of Performance Does Nightingale Have a Corrective Plan of Action (EP) Corresponding Policy or (if relevant) Procedure to Address the EP? 1) The emergency clinic utilizes uniform informational indexes to normalize information assortment all through the medical clinic. 2) The medical clinic utilizes normalized phrasing, definitions, shortenings, abbreviations, images, and portion assignments. 3) The emergency clinic follows its rundown of disallowed shortened forms, abbreviations, images, and portion assignments, which incorporates the accompanying: U,u; IU; Q.D. , QD, q. d. , qod; Trailing zero (x. 0 mg); Lack of driving zero (. X mg); MS; MSO4; MgSO4. 1) The clinic characterizes the parts of a total clinical record. 4) The clinical record contains data special to the patient, which is utilized for tolerant distinguishing proof. 5) The clinical record contains the data expected to help the patient’s conclusion and condition. Indeed; The Admission Order structure takes into account assortment of normalized data. Indeed; Both the Admissions Order structure and the Prohibited Abbreviations Patient Care Policy follow normalized rules. Indeed; The Patient Care Policy Prohibited Abbreviations gives the rundown of denied contractions and thinking behind not utilizing them. Guarantee every other structure other than the Admissions Order structure likewise are utilizing indistinguishable normalized standards from showed in the EP. Guarantee every single other structure other than the Admissions Order structure additionally are utilizing indistinguishable normalized measures from demonstrated in the EP. None right now Policy is as of now in presence and consistent. RC. 01. 01. 01 The emergency clinic keeps up total and exact clinical records for every individual patient. No; The clinic didn't give a segments rundown to a total clinical record. No; The Admissions Order structure just shows the patients name as it were. No; The Admissions Order structure doesn't prompts for determination or condition, just activity things. Create, or accommodate audit, a list rundown to incorporate all segments of a total clinical record. Include various (at any rate two) types of patient distinguishing proof to the clinical record (recorded on all reports, for example, tolerant ID, DOB, or address. Include, or accommodate audit, a determination or condition segment and depiction part to clinical record. Page 2 of 5 Standard Label Text (The Joint Commission, 2012) RC. 01. 01. 01 (Cont’d) The emergency clinic keeps up total and exact clinical records for every individual patient. Components of Performance (EP) Does Nightingale Have a Corresponding Policy or Procedure to Address the EP? No; The Admissions Order structure doesn't quick for legitimization for treatment orders. Remedial Plan of Action (if material). 6) The clinical record contains the data expected to legitimize the patient’s care, treatment, and administrations. 7) The clinical record contains data that archives the course and consequence of the patients care, treatment, and administrations. 8) The clinical record contains data about the patient’s care, treatment, and administrations that advances congruity of care among suppliers. Include, or accommodate survey, an avocation/remarks hinder for every segment inside clinical record. No; The Admissions Order structure doesn't have an area to follow patients care, treatment or administrations. No; The Admissions Order structure incorporates a checkbox for a civility call to essential consideration doctor, however there is no depiction of care, treatment or administrations to follow patients mind or advance coherence of care. Truly; The Admission Order structure takes into consideration assortment of normalized data. Indeed; The Admissions Order structure prompts for date and time. No; The emergency clinic didn't give an archive used to follow the area of all parts of the clinical record. Include, or accommodate audit, a timetable area to be utilized for following consideration, treatment, administrations as well as aftereffects of patient inside clinical record. Include, or accommodate survey a course of events area to be utilized for following consideration, treatment, or administrations and portrayal of aftereffects of patient; additionally include supplier remarks segment this will guarantee different suppliers will have the option to give precise consideration, treatment or administrations. Guarantee every single other structure other than the Admissions Order structure additionally are utilizing indistinguishable normalized measures from demonstrated in the EP. Guarantee every other structure other than the Admissions Order structure additionally require an exact date record. Add a file to the clinical record including all segments to be incorporated and brief for their present area (inside the record). 9) The emergency clinic utilizes normalized organizations to archive the consideration, treatment, and administrations it gives to patients. 11) All sections in the clinical record are dated. 12) The emergency clinic tracks the area of all segments of the clinical record. Page 3 of 5 Standard Label Text (The Joint Commission, 2012) RC. 01. 01. 01 (Cont’d) The clinic keeps up total and precise clinical records for every individual patient. Components of Performance (EP). Does Nightingale Have a Corresponding Policy or Procedure to Address the EP? Truly; The Admissions Order structure prompts for an outline of all necessary consideration, treatment, or administrations. Remedial Plan of Action (if material) RC. 01. 04. 01 The clinic reviews its clinical records. 13) The emergency clinic collects or makes accessible in a rundown in the clinical record all data required to give tolerant consideration, treatment, and administrations 19) For clinics that utilization Joint Commission accreditation for esteemed status purposes: All sections in the clinical record, including all requests, are coordinated. 1) The emergency clinic directs a progressing survey of clinical records at the purpose of care, in view of the accompanying pointers: nearness, practicality, decipherability (regardless of whether manually written or printed), exactness, confirmation, and culmination of information and data. 2) The emergency clinic gauges its clinical record wrongdoing rate at customary interims, however no not exactly at regular intervals. None right now Form is as of now in presence and consistent. Indeed; The Admissions Order structure prompts for date and time. Guarantee every single other structure other than the Admissions Order structure likewise require a precise date record. No; the medical clinic didn't give data on their precision checks. Guarantee clinical records are being refreshed and checked at purpose of care as showed in EP. No; Hospitals records have been estimated by year timeframes as it were. Must break-out and measure misconduct rates no not exactly like clockwork as demonstrated in EP. In the event that conceivable, re-run information to detail multi month time allotment revealing. On a continuous premise, make another Policy and Procedure to deal with the three-month cycle detailing. Give authentic quality estimations and utilize the Hospital Medical Record Statistics Form to affirm the normal rate is half or less. 4) The clinical record misconduct rate arrived at the midpoint of from the last four quarterly estimations is half or less of the normal month to month release (AMD) rate. Every individual quarterly estimation is no g

How I Spent My Sophomore Spring Break

How I Spent My Sophomore Spring Break Two weeks ago was our Spring Break at MIT, and the halls of Tetazoo were empty.  The cats were begging for attention for the first time in what seems like forever, as their owners left them for hiking mountains or driving across the country or exploring caves. Yet I was here, at MIT, preparing myself for the UPOP Spring Team Training Camp.  UPOP, or the Undergraduate Practice Opportunities Program, is a program for sophomores that prepares us for success in the workplace.  Throughout the year, we have obtained guidance, support, and training in our internship searches and in preparation for the summer and the future.  UPOP also holds a week-long program for sophomores during IAP, however, since I trained to be an EMT during IAP, I could not attend the week-long program.  Instead, I attended a three-day program during Spring Break where I worked in a team with an MIT alum as a mentor to work on our teamwork skills. I really enjoyed working with my team during the week. Our group had seven people in it, one of which I knew prior to the program and five of which became my new friends.  Our mentor was really awesome she was an alum from the class of 82, and she had a lot of really great input on our projects and various modules during the program. UPOP was Monday-Wednesday from 9am-5pm, so it did get a bit tiring, but the coordinators surely kept us off our feet and very involved.  Wed start off each day with announcements, where the coordinators, Bethany and Sharon, would yell HEY UPOP and we would yell back HEY UPOP. My group is the table in the middle, Table 3.  We named ourselves Team 2048, after the extremely addicting game. We even had a team chant going Two-Oh-Four-Eight Who do we appreciate? ____ where ____ was either UPOP or the name of our mentor. I think it might have irked some of the other teams a bit, but it made us really happy. We had a good time working together during the week, and even coordinated our outfits for some events, like for our major presentation on the last day of UPOP. We dont look very happy in that picture, but we did feel really passionate about what we were presenting about.  We chose to present on the issue of dorm security here at MIT, and about how the current program is inconsistent, and sometimes unfair, across the dormitories.  Last semester, I tried to bring a prefrosh into Simmons hall to see the dining hall, and security stopped me and told me that I was not allowed to enter the building with the prefrosh, even if I was on the guest list and the prefrosh had a non-MIT ID.  Many other people have had similar things happen to them or are experiencing new problems with our outsourced securities systems, and it is causing some distress among MIT students. Overall, our presentation went really well! We were proud of how we had worked together, and about the final product.  Kaylee B. 16 is an opinion writer for the Tech, and she might post something in the near future about what we presented on! We had fun with the other projects we worked on, which included negotiation workshops, presentation workshops, and more! This is my friend Kaylee B. 16 being very passionate about our discussion. One of the coolest projects we worked on was creating the tallest building that we could out of foam and pencils.  We had a limited amount of money to buy a limited amount of materials.  The building needed to pass a tilt test with a water bottle at the top of it to make sure that it was earthquake safe. In the end, our group passed the tilt test, but still lost terribly due to its height.  However, we had the prettiest design! This is our tower: Here I am with Serena P. 16 and Caitlin H. 16 working on the tower: And obtaining those materials wasnt that easy! Thats Kaylee B. 16 helping carry foam over from the store, also known as the Foam Dome and the Cut Hut. We spent all our money on pencils and foam blocks. However, we lost in the end to a team with a 70+ tour.  Even though my team lost, we wanted to show our spirit and how grateful we were for mentors help, so after the winning team passed the tilt test we did our team cheer and at the end we yelled Marissa!  However, a girl from the winning team yelled You guys lost! and laughed at us. I didnt think it was funny, it was mean. So congrats team four for winning that round, you guys did a great job! Except no congratulations to whoever shouted that. Overall, UPOP was a lot of fun.  I made a lot of really great new friends, and some of them even came back with Kaylee and me to East Campus after the last day of UPOP for a tour of our halls!  Caitlin H. 16 and Zara P. 16 liked East Campus, and they also loved the cats, of course! After UPOP was over, I headed back home to New York to see my family, which included my puppy, Boots! I wished him a happy belated birthday. My little puppy is five years old now! In celebration of my dad and I becoming certified EMTs this year, my family went out to a really fancy dinner place, Insignia, with some gift cards my mom had received from co-workers during the holiday season.  Insignia was a Sushi Steakhouse, so with me being a vegetarian I was a bit worried that I would be stuck eating fancy salad (even though salad is super yummy).  However, the waitress suggested that I try a watermelon steak, and it was so good! It was one of the strangest and tastiest foods Ive ever had.  It was grilled watermelon over steamed vegetables with a yummy balsamic-y glaze over the top.  I am definitely going to try it again! So next time youre at a barbeque and theres watermelon, try throwing it on the grill!  Apparently it is a thing! Overall, I quite enjoyed my spring break. It started off kind of shakey on the weekend, but it was a much needed break from the craziness that is MIT. And it was a great rest for the cats, who quickly became bored of us as soon as people started returning from their adventurous spring breaks. All UPOP pictures were taken by the UPOP Marketing and Communications Officer, Jessica Jones. Post Tagged #UPOP

Nazi Propagand Hitler Was The Fuhrer At The Time Of The...

The 1936 Olympics were held in Berlin, Germany held from August first to August sixteenth. 49 nations showed up and 3,963 athletes represented them. Adolf Hitler was the Fuhrer at the time of the olympics and used it as Nazi propaganda. Hosting the olympics helped Germany show the world that it had recovered from the destruction and isolation The Treaty of Versailles had caused it. Adolf Hitler hid his racism towards Jewish people and Roma people and as well as its growing military. In 1931 the International Olympic Committee chose Berlin for the eleventh Summer Olympics. In 1933 Hitler was appointed chancellor and Germany became an one party dictatorship. Germany then started to go after Jewish people and blamed their problems on them.†¦show more content†¦Many events also pushed the world to WWII including the Spanish Civil War, Anschluss (annexation of Austria), the occupation of Sudetenland, and the invasion of Czechoslovakia. The English Prime Minister, Neville Chamberl ain, offered many opportunities for Hitler to honor his commitments and put his racial and crazy ambitions aside. When Poland realized about its impending invasion it went to England and France for help. These two countries made a promise that if Germany invaded Poland they would declare war on Germany. So after Germany invaded Poland, England and France had no choice, but to declare war on Germany starting WWII. The 1972 Summer Olympics occurred in Munich, Germany where an unthinkable event happened. It was September 5 and everthing was going smoothly, the Israeli athletes had just returned to their sleeping places. Around 4:30 a.m. eight Palestinian terrorists jumped a six foot fence and headed for the Israeli athletes apartment. These terrorists were part of a terrorist group called Black September. They then rounded up the athletes from apartments one and four. Several of the athletes fought back, two were killed, a couple escaped out the windows, and nine were taken hostage. Once word of this event reached the media, the terrorist dropped a slip of paper with their demands. They wanted 234 Arab prisoners released from Israeli prisons and two from German prisons. The terrorists wanted this demand met by 9 a.m.

The Immigration Act Of West Indies - 2245 Words

Introduction Since the enactment of the 1965 Immigration Act, the United States has seen a huge arrival of West Indian immigrants in New York City, and more so here in Richmond Hill Queens. The names â€Å"Caribbean† and â€Å"West Indies† are exchangeable, since the countries and islands that make up the West Indies are all situated in or around the Caribbean Sea or have since join the Caribbean Community as member of States. Today, the Guyanese population in Richmond Hill Queens has expanded tremendously and is concentrated mainly in and around areas such as Liberty Avenue which is known as the main business strip in Richmond Hill, South Ozone Park, 101 avenues and around Rockaway Boulevard and the JFK area. Moreover, sociologists like Nancy Foner, Mary C. Waters and Philip Kasinitz, have all studied the arrival patterns of this group and documented numerous findings on this groups’ experiences, their level of integration, their cultural and racial identities, and multinational associations but their major focus was on the Afro- migrant experiences and seem to overlook the experiences of the West Indians that were of Indian descent. Methods and Procedures This paper will help to analyze the information collected from a series of interviews I have conducted with several women in the in the Richmond Hill area. I talked to about five immigrants, Indo- Guyanese women living in Richmond Hill, Queens, New York for a few hours each. In order to protect these women identity I have usedShow MoreRelatedThe Immigration Act Of West Indies2334 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction Since the enactment of the 1965 Immigration Act, the United States has seen a huge arrival of West Indian immigrants in New York City, and more so here in Richmond Hill Queens. 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This was given to them in the 1948 British Nationality Act and it was an important feature of Britain, as it showed the commonwealth was a multiracial and multiculturalRead MoreThe Impacts of Changing Immigration Patterns of the Post-War Period1224 Words   |  5 PagesImmigration has gone through many different stages of change just as the nation of Canada had many stages of change. Transformations of immigration during the post-war period greatly impacted the society and immigration patterns of today. These changes included the post-war immigration boom, a less segregating Immigration Act and the rise of multicultural and refugee immigration. Post-war immigration patterns have differed from previous waves of immigration due to their size and source of immigrationRead MoreThe Colonial Era Of North America1475 Words   |  6 Pageswas England’s late and apathetic involvement in the Atlantic slave trade, historically dominated by the Dutch and the Portuguese. The vast majority of slaves shipped to the colonies by English merchants during this era arrived in the sugar-rich West Indies, not the Chesapeake, reducing slave a vailability further. The first slaves to arrive in Virginia in 1619 were there as a result of an attack on a Portuguese trading ship, not a planned commercial transaction. Planters purchased the approximatelyRead MoreThe American Of The Spanish American War1630 Words   |  7 Pagestime of the Spanish American War, Cuba was slowing making its worldwide debut as a leader in product trade. Before that, Cuba was diminishing as a country because of the war than had begun within the small country. Spain was forcing the country to act in Guerilla Warfare, or the use of hit- and run strategies by small groups controlled by aggressive force. Women were being raped, hundreds of soldiers killed without any glimpse of hope that the war would end in the near future. 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Many helped build the nation’s railroads. immigration was limited by a congressional act in 1882. 1884: Hawaiian planters could recruit Japanese workers. Emigration boom. Opportunity Q. What immigrants came from the west indies and Mexico? E. 1. 260,000 immigrants arrived. 2. Jobs were scarce 3. Industrial boom in the US seemed to promise work.’ 4. 1902 National Reclamation Act: created new farmland and drew Mexicans in. Encouraged the irrigation of arid landRead MoreEssay about The 1999 Immigration and Asylum Seekers Act1491 Words   |  6 PagesThe 1999 Immigration and Asylum Seekers Act To begin with this essay will give reasons why the 1999 Immigration and Asylum Seekers Act was introduced, also the measures put in place to deal with this issue. Secondly, the measures Labour implemented to tackle this asylum issue, the affect of the voucher scheme on social welfare and its criticism’s. Additionally this essay will explore the affects of the Enforced Dispersal element of the 1999 Act and it’s implications

Report on Hdfc Bank Free Essays

1 PROJECT FINAL REPORT ON BANKING BY JIGAR SONI AT Summer Internship Project 2 PROJECT TITLE A project report on COMPANY GUIDE FACULTY GUIDE ================ ============== Mr. Manish Panchal Prof. Pragna Kaul Branch Manager IBMR Ahmedabad Kapadwanj. We will write a custom essay sample on Report on Hdfc Bank or any similar topic only for you Order Now Prepared by : Jigar J Soni Roll no. 5 , Div – A IBMR _Ahmedabad Year – 2008/09 3 Acknowledgements If words are considered to be signs of gratitude then let these words Convey the very same My sincere gratitude to HDFC BANK for roviding me with an opportunity to work with BANK and giving necessary directions on doing this project to the best of my abilities. I am highly indebted to Mr. Manish Panchal. , Branch Manager and company project guide, who has provided me with the necessary information and also for the support extended out to me in the completion of this report and his valuable suggestion and comments on bringing out this report in the best way possible. I also thank Prof. Pragna Kaul, IBMR_Ahmedabad, who has sincerely supported me with the valuable insights into the completion of this project. I am grateful to all faculty members of IBMR_Ahmedabad and my 4 friends who have helped me in the successful completion of this project. 5 CONTENTS Sr. No. Subject Covered Page No. 1 Banking Structure in India 6-7 2 Indian Banking Industries 8-9 3 Upcoming Foreign Bank in India 10 4 HDFC BANK 11-12 5 Company Profile 13-15 6 Technology used 16-19 7 Product and Customer segments 20-23 8 Business Strategy 24-25 9 Inside Hdfc Bank 26-31 10 Rupee Earned – Rupee Spent 32-33 11 Recent Development 34-41 12 SWOT Analysis 42-48 13 Project on Plastic Money 49-55 6 BANKING STRUCTURE IN INDIA Scheduled Banks in India (A) Scheduled Commercial Banks Public sector Banks Private sector Banks Foreign Banks in India Regional Rural Bank (28) (27) (29) (102) †¢Nationalized Bank †¢Other Public Sector Banks (IDBI) †¢SBI and its Associates †¢Old Private Banks †¢New Private Banks (B) Scheduled Cooperative Banks Scheduled Urban Cooperative Banks (55) Scheduled State Cooperative Banks (31) 7 Here we more concerned about private sector banks and competition among them. Today, there are 27 private sector banks in the banking sector: 19 old private sector banks and 8 new private sector banks. These new banks have brought in state-of-the-art technology and Aggressively marketed their products. The Public sector banks are Facing a stiff competition from the new private sector banks. The banks which have been setup in the 1990s under the guidelines of the Narasimham Committee are referred to as NEW PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS. New Private Sector Banks †¢Superior Financial Services †¢Designed Innovative Products †¢Tapped new markets †¢Accessed Low cost NRI funds †¢Greater efficiency 8 INDIAN BANKING INDUSTRIES The Indian banking market is growing at an astonishing rate, with Assets expected to reach US$1 trillion by 2010. An expanding economy, middle class, and technological innovations are all ontributing to this growth. The country’s middle class accounts for over 320 million people. In correlation with the growth of the economy, rising income levels, increased standard of living, and affordability of banking products are promising factors for continued expansion. 9 The Indian banking Industry is in the middle of an IT revolution, Focusing on the ex pansion of retail and rural banking. Players are becoming increasingly customer – centric in their approach, which has resulted in innovative methods of offering new banking products and services. Banks are now realizing the mportance of being a big player and are beginning to focus their attention on mergers and acquisitions to take advantage of economies of scale and/or comply with Basel II regulation. â€Å"Indian banking industry assets are expected to reach US$1 trillion by 2010 and are poised to receive a greater infusion of foreign capital,† says Prathima Rajan, analyst in Celent’s banking group and author of the report. â€Å"The banking industry should focus on having a small number of large players that can compete globally rather than having a large number of fragmented players. UPCOMING FOREIGN BANKS IN INDIA By 2009 few more names is going to be added in the list of foreign banks in India. This is as an aftermath of the sudden interest shown 10 by Reserve Bank of India paving roadmap for foreign banks in India greater freedom in India. Among them is the world’s best private bank by EuroMoney magazine, Switzerland’s UBS. The following are the list of foreign banks going to set up business in India :- †¢Royal Bank of Scotland †¢ †¢Switzerland’s UBS †¢ †¢US-based GE Capital †¢ †¢Credit Suisse Group †¢ †¢Industrial and Commercial Bank of China WE UNDERSTAND YOUR WORLD The Housing Development Finance Corporation Limited (HDFC) was amongst the first to receive an ‘in principle’ approval from the 11 Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to set up a bank in the private sector, as part of the RBI’s liberalization of the Indian Banking Industry in 1994. The bank was incorporated in August 1994 in the name of ‘HDFC Bank Limited’, with its registered office in Mumbai, India. HDFC Bank commenced operations as a Scheduled Commercial Bank in January 1995. HDFC is India’s premier housing finance company and enjoys an impeccable track record in India as well as in international markets. Since its inception in 1977, the Corporation has maintained a consistent and healthy growth in its operations to remain the market leader in mortgages. Its outstanding loan portfolio covers well over a million dwelling units. HDFC has developed significant expertise in retail mortgage loans to different market segments and also has a large corporate client base for its housing related credit facilities. With its experience in the financial markets, a strong market reputation, large shareholder base and unique consumer franchise, HDFC was ideally positioned to promote a bank in the Indian nvironment. HDFC Bank began operations in 1995 with a simple mission : to be a 12 â€Å" World Class Indian Bank. † We realized that only a single minded focus on product quality and service excellence would help us get there. Today, we are proud to say that we are well on our way towards that goal. COMPANY PROFILE STRONG NATIONAL NETWORK 13 HDFC BANK As of March 31, 2008, the Bank’s di stribution network was at 761 Branches and 1977 ATMs in 327 cities as against 684 branches March 2006 March 2007 March 2008 Citied 228 316 327 Branches 535 684 761 ATMs 1323 1605 1977 14 nd 1,605 ATMs in 320 cities as of March 31, 2007. Against the regulatory approvals for new branches in hand, the Bank expects to further expand the branch network by around 150 branches by June 30, 2008. During the year, the Bank stepped up retail customer acquisition with deposit accounts increasing from 6. 2 million to 8. 7 million and total cards issued (debit and credit cards) increasing from 7 million to 9. 2 million. Whilst credit growth in the banking system slowed down to about 22% for the year ended 2007-08, the Bank’s net advances grew by 35. 1% with retail advances growing by 38. % and wholesale advances growing by 30%, implying a higher market share in both segments. The transactional banking business also registered healthy growth With cash management volumes increased by around 80% and trade services volumes by around 40% over the previous year. Portfolio quality as of March 31, 2008 remained healthy with gross nonperforming assets at 1. 3% and net non-performing assets at 15 0. 4% of total customer assets. The Bank’s provisioning policies for specific loan loss provisions remained higher than regulatory requirements. TECHNOLOGY USED IN HDFC BANK In the era of globalization each and every sector faced the stiff competition from their rivals. And world also converted into the flat from the globe. After the policy of liberalization and RBI initiatives to take the step for the private sector banks, more and more changes 16 are taking the part into it. And there are create competition between the private sector banks and public sector bank. Private sector banks are today used the latest technology for the different transaction of day to day banking life. As we know that Information Technology plays the vital role in the each and every ndustries and gives the optimum return from the limited resources. Banks are service industries and today IT gives the innovative Technology application to Banking industries. HDFC BANK is the leader in the industries and today IT and HDFC BANK together combined they reached the sky. New technology changed the mind of the customers and changed the queue concept from the history banking transaction. Today there are different channels are available for the banking transactions. We can see that the how technology gives the best results in the below diagram. There are drastically changes seen in the use of Internet banking, in a year 2001 (2%) and in the year 2008 ( 25%). These type of technology gives the freedom to retail customers. 17 Centralized Processing Units Derived Economies of Scale Electronic Straight Through Processing Reduced Transaction Cost Data Warehousing , CRM Improve cost efficiency, Cross sell Innovative Technology Application Provide new or superior products HDFC BANK is the very consistent player in the New private sector banks. New private sector banks to withstand the competition from public sector banks came up with innovative products and superior service. 2001 18 Branches 43% ATM 40% Phone Banking 14% Internet 2% Mobile 1% 2005 Branches 17% ATM 45% Phone Banking 12% Internet 25% Mobile 1% ( % customer initiated Transaction by Channel ) 19 HDFC BANK PRODUCT AND CUSTOMER SEGMENTS PERSONAL BANKING Loan Product Deposit Product Investment Insurance †¢Auto Loan †¢Loan Against Security †¢Loan Against Property †¢Personal loan †¢Credit card †¢2-wheeler loan †¢Commercial vehicles finance †¢Home loans †¢Retail business banking †¢Tractor loan †¢Working Capital Finance †¢Construction Equipment Finance †¢Health Care Finance †¢Education Loan †¢Gold Loan †¢Saving a/c †¢Current a/c †¢Fixed deposit †¢Demat a/c †¢Safe Deposit Lockers †¢Mutual Fund †¢Bonds †¢Knowledge Centre †¢Insurance †¢General and Health Insurance †¢Equity and Derivatives †¢Mudra Gold Bar 20 Cards Payment Services Access To Bank †¢Credit Card †¢Debit Card †¢Prepaid Card —————————- —- Forex Services —————————- —- †¢Product Services †¢Trade Services †¢Forex service Branch Locater †¢RBI Guidelines †¢NetSafe †¢Merchant †¢Prepaid Refill †¢Billpay †¢Visa Billpay †¢InstaPay †¢DirectPay †¢VisaMoney Transfer †¢e–Monies Electronic Funds Transfer †¢Online Payment of Direct Tax †¢NetBanking †¢OneView †¢InstaAlert MobileBanking †¢ATM †¢Phone Banking †¢Email Statements Branch Network 21 WHOLESALE BANKING Corporate Small and Medium Enterprises Financial Insti tutions and Trusts †¢Funded Services †¢Non Funded Services †¢Value Added Services †¢Internet Banking †¢Funded Services †¢Non Funded Services †¢Specialized Services †¢Value added services †¢Internet Banking BANKS †¢Clearing Sub- Membership †¢RTGS – submembership †¢Fund Transfer †¢ATM Tie-ups †¢Corporate Salary a/c †¢Tax Collection Financial Institutions Mutual Funds Stock Brokers Insurance Companies Commodities Business Trusts BUSINESS MIX 22 Total Deposits Gross Advances Net Revenue Retail Wholesale †¢HDFC Bank is a consistent player in the private sector bank and have a well balanced product and business mix in the Indian as well as overseas markets. †¢Customer segments (retail wholesale) account for 84% of Net revenues ( FY 2008) †¢Higher retail revenues partly offset by higher operating and credit costs. †¢Equally well positioned to grow both segments. . 23 NRI SERVICES Accounts Deposits Remittances †¢Rupee Saving a/c †¢Rupee Current a/c †¢Rupee Fixed Deposits †¢Foreign Currency Deposits †¢Accounts for Returning Indians †¢North America †¢UK †¢Europe †¢South East Asia †¢Middle East †¢Africa †¢Others Quick remit IndiaLink Cheque LockBox Telegraphic/ Wire Transfer Funds Transfer Cheques/DDs/TCs Investment Insurances Loans †¢Mutual Funds †¢Insurance †¢Private Banking †¢Portfolio Investment Scheme †¢Home Loans †¢Loans Against Securities †¢Loans Against Deposits †¢Gold Credit Card Payment Services Access To Bank †¢NetSafe †¢BillPay †¢InstaPay †¢DirectPay †¢Visa Money †¢Online Donation †¢NetBanking †¢OneView †¢InstaAlert †¢ATM †¢PhoneBanking †¢Email Statements †¢Branch Network 24 BUSINESS STRETEGY HDFC BANK mission is to be â€Å"a World Class Indian Bank†, benchmarking themselves against international standards and best ractices in terms of product offerings, technology, service levels, risk management and audit compliance. The objective is to build sound customer franchises across distinct businesses so as to be a preferred provider of banking services for target retail and wholesale customer segments, and to achieve a healthy growth in profitability, consistent with the Bank’s risk appetite. Bank is committed to do this while ensuring the highest levels of ethical standards, professional integrity, corporate governance and regulatory compliance. Continue to develop new product and technology is the main business strategy f the bank. Maintain good relation with the customers is the main and prime objective of the bank. HDFC BANK business strategy emphasizes the following : 25 †¢Increase market share in India’s expanding banking and financial services industry by following a disciplined growth strategy focusing on quality and not on quantity and delivering high quality customer service. †¢Leverage our technology platform and open scaleable systems to deliver more products to more customers and to control operating costs. †¢Maintain current high standards for asset quality through disciplined credit risk management. Devel op innovative products and services that attract the targeted customers and address inefficiencies in the Indian financial sector. †¢Continue to develop products and services that reduce bank’s cost of funds. †¢Focus on high earnings growth with low volatility. 26 INSIDE HDFC BANK FIVE â€Å"S† , PART OF KAIZEN WORK PLACE TRANSFORMATION Focus on effective work place organization Believe in â€Å" Small changes lead to large improvement † Every successful organization have their own strategy to win the race in the competitive market. They use some technique and methodology for smooth running of business. HDFC BANK also aquired the Japanese technique for smooth running of work and effective work place organization. Five ‘S’ Part of Kaizen is the technique which is used in the bank For easy and systematic work place and eliminating unnecessary things from the work place. BENEFIT OF FIVE â€Å"S† 27 †¢It can be started immediately. †¢Every one has to participate. †¢Five â€Å" S† is an entirely people driven initiatives. †¢Brings in concept of ownership. †¢All wastage are made visible. FIVE ‘S’ Means :- S-1 SORT SEIRI S-2 SYSTEMATIZE SEITON S-3 SPIC-N-SPAN SEIRO S-4 STANDARDIZE SEIKETSU S-5 SUSTAIN SHITSUKE (1) SORT :- It focus on eliminating unnecessary items from the work place. It is excellent way to free up valuable floor space. It segregate items as per â€Å"require and wanted†. (2) SYSTEMATIZE :- Systematize is focus on efficient and effective Storage method. Frequently Requir ed Less Frequently Requir ed Remove everything from workplace Junk Wanted but not Required Junk 28 That means it identify, organize and arrange retrieval. It largely focus on good labeling and identification practices. Objective :- â€Å"A place for everything and everything in its place†. (3) SPIC- n – SPAN :- Spic-n-Span focuses on regular clearing and self nspection. It brings in the sense of ownership. (4) STANDERDIZE :- It focus on simplification and standardization. It involve standard rules and policies. It establish checklist to facilitates autonomous maintenance of workplace. It assign responsibility for doing various jobs and decide on Five S frequency. (5) SUSTAIN:- It focuses on definin g a new status and standard of organized work place. Sustain means regular training to maintain standards developed under S-4. It brings in self- discipline and commitment towards workplace organization. 29 LABELLING ON FILE FILE NUMBER SUBJECT FROM DATE TO DATE OWNER BOX LABEL For Example 1 / 3 / A / 6 1 – Work Station (1) 3 – Drawer (3) A – Shelf (A) 6 – File Number ( 6) 30 COLOUR CODING OF FILES DEPARTMENT Welcome Desk Personal Banker Teller Relationship Manager Branch Manager Demat Others In the HDFC BANK each department has their different color coding apply on the different file. Due to this everyone aware about their particular color file which is coding on it and they save their valuable time. It is a part of Kaizen and also included in the system of the Five ‘S’. Logic behind it that , the color coding are always differentiate the things from the similar one. 31 HUMAN RESOURCES The Bank’s staffing needs continued to increase during the year particularly in the retail banking businesses in line with the business growth. Total number of employees increased from 14878 as of March31,2006 to 21477 as of March 31, 2007. The Bank continues to focus on training its employees on a continuing basis, both on the job and through training programs conducted by internal and external faculty. The Bank has consistently believed that broader employee ownership of its shares has a positive impact on its performance and employee motivation. The Bank’s employee stock option scheme so far covers round 9000 employees. 32 RUPEE EARNED – RUPEE SPENT It is more important for every organization to know about from where and where to spent money. And balanced between these two things rupee earned and rupee spent are required for smooth running of business and financial soundness. This type of watch can control and eliminate the unnecessary spending of business. In this diagram it include both things from where Bank earned Rupee and where to spent. 33 HDFC BANK earned from the ‘Interest from Advances’ 51. 14 % , ‘Interest from Investment’ 27. 12 %, bank earned commission exchange and brokerage of 15. 25 %. These are the major earning sources of the bank. Bank also earned from the Forex and Derivatives and some other Interest Income. Bank spent 39. 75 % on Interest Expense, 30. 27 % on Operating Expense and 14. 58 % on Provision. Bank also spent Dividend and Tax on dividend, Loss on Investment , Tax. As we discuss above that balancing is must between these two for every organization especially in the era of globalization where there are stiff competition among various market players. RECENT DEVELOPMENT 34 The Reserve Bank of India has approved the scheme of amalgamation of Centurion Bank of Punjab Ltd. ith HDFC Bank Ltd. with effect from May 23, 2008. All the branches of Centurion Bank of Punjab will function as branches of HDFC Bank with effect from May 23, 2008. With RBI’s approval, all requisite statutory and regulatory approvals for the merger have been obtained. 35 The combined entity would have a nationwide network of 1167 branches; a strong deposit base of around Rs. 1,22, 000 crores and net advances of around Rs. 89,000 crores. The balance sheet size of the combined entity would be over Rs. 1,63,000 crores. Merger with Centurion Bank of Punjab Limited On March 27, 2008, the shareholders of the Bank accorded their consent to a scheme of amalgamation of Centurion Bank of Punjab Limited with HDFC Bank Limited. The shareholders of the Bank approved the issuance of one equity share of Rs. 10/- each of HDFC Bank Limited for every 29 equity shares of Re. 1/- each held in Centurion Bank of Punjab Limited. This is subject to receipt of Approvals from the Reserve Bank of India, stock exchanges and Other requisite statutory and regulatory authorities. The shareholders Also accorded their consent to issue equity shares and/or warrants onvertible into equity shares at the rate of Rs. 1,530. 13 each to HDFC Limited and/or other promoter group companies on preferential basis, subject to final regulatory approvals in this regard. The Shareholders of the Bank have also approved an increase in the authorized capital from Rs. 450 crores to Rs. 550 crores. 36 Promoted in 1995 by Housing Development Finance Corporation (HDFC), India’s leading h ousing finance company, HDFC Bank is one of India’s premier banks providing a wide range of financial products and services to its over 11 million customers across hundreds of Indian cities using multiple distribution channels including a pan-India network of branches, ATMs, phone banking, net banking and mobile banking. Within a relatively short span of time, the bank has emerged as a leading player in retail banking, wholesale banking, and treasury operations, its three principal business segments. The bank’s competitive strength clearly lies in the use of technology and the ability to deliver world-class service with rapid response time. Over the last 13 years, the bank has successfully gained market share in its target customer franchises while maintaining healthy rofitability and asset quality. 37 As on March 31, 2008, the Bank had a network of 761 branches and 1,977 ATMs in 327 cities. For the year ended March 31, 2008, the Bank reported a net profit of INR 15. 90 billion (Rs. 1590. 2crore), up 39. 3%, over the corresponding year ended March 31, 2007. As of March 31, 2008 total deposits were INR 1007. 69 billion, (Rs. 100,769 crore) up 47. 5% over the corresponding year ended March 31, 2007. Total balance sheet size too grew by 46. 0% to INR 1,331. 77 billion (133177 crore). Leading Indian and international Publications have recognized the bank for its performance and quality. Centurion Bank of Punjab is one of the leading new generation private sector banks in India. The bank serves individual consumers, small and medium businesses and large corporations with a full range of financial products and services for investing, lending and 38 advice on financial planning. The bank offers its customers an array of wealth management products such as mutual funds, life and general insurance and has established a leadership ‘position’. The bank is also a strong player in foreign exchange services, ersonal loans, mortgages and agricultural loans. Additionally the bank offers a full suite of NRI banking products to Overseas Indians. On 29th August 2007, Centurion Bank of Punjab merged with Lord Krishna Bank (LKB), post obtaining all requisite statutory and regulatory approvals. This merger has further strengthened the geographical reach of the Bank in major towns and cities across the country, especially in the State of Kerala, in addition to its existing dominance in the northern part of the country. Centurion Bank of Punjab now operates on a strong nationwide ranchise of 404 branches and 452 ATMs in 190 locations across the country, supported by employee base of over 7,500 employees. In addition to being listed on the major Indian stock exchanges, the Bank’s shares are also listed on the Luxembourg Stock 39 Exchange. ACHIEVEMENT IN 2007 Business Today- Monitor Group survey One of India’s â€Å"Most Innovative Companies† Financial Express- Ernst Young Award Best Bank Award in the Private Sector category 40 Global HR Excellence Awards – Asia Pacific HRM Congress: ‘Employer Brand of the Year 2007 -2008’ Award – First Runner up, many more Business Today ‘Best Bank’ Award Dun Bradstreet – American Express Corporate Best Bank Award 2007 ‘Corporate Best Bank’ Award The Bombay Stock Exchange and Nasscom Foundation’s Business for Social Responsibility Awards 2007 ‘ Best Corporate Social Responsibility Practice’ Award Outlook Money NDTV Profit Best Bank Award in the Private sector category. The Asian Banker Excellence in Retail Financial Services Awards Best Retail Bank in India Asian Banker HDFC BANK Managing Director Aditya Puri wins the Leadership Achievement Award for India 41 SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGTH †¢Right strategy for the right products. †¢Superior customer service vs. competitors. WEAKNESSES †¢Some gaps in range for certain sectors. †¢Customer service staff need training. 42 †¢Great Brand Image †¢Products have required accreditations. †¢High degree of customer satisfaction. †¢Good place to work †¢Lower response time with efficient and effective service. †¢Dedicated workforce aiming at making a long-term career in the field. †¢Processes and systems, etc †¢Management cover insufficient. †¢Sectoral growth is constrained by low unemployment levels and competition for staff 3 Opportunities †¢Profit margins will be good. †¢Could extend to overseas broadly. †¢New specialist applications. †¢Could seek better customer deals. †¢Fast-track career development opportunities on an industry-wide basis. †¢An applied research centre to create opportunities for developing techniques to provi de added-value services. Threats †¢Legislation could impact. †¢Great risk involved †¢Very high competition prevailing in the industry. †¢Vulnerable to reactive attack by major competitors †¢Lack of infrastructure in rural areas could constrain investment. †¢High volume/low cost market is intensely ompetitive. 44 COMPETITIVE SWOT ANALYSIS WITH ICICI BANK STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES O P P O R T U N I T I E S S – O Strategies Strength: Large Capital base. Opportunity: Market Expansion. Strategy: Deep Penetration into Rural Market. W – O Strategies Weakness: Workforce Responsiveness. Opportunity: Outsourcing of Non – Core Business. Strategy: Outsource Customer Care other E-Helps. T H R E A T S S – T Strategies Strength: Low operating costs Threat: Increased Competition from others Pvt. Banks. Strategy: Steps to Ensure Loyalty by old Customers. W – T Strategies Weakness: Not Equal to International Standards. Threat: Entry of many Foreign Banks. Strategy: Consider additional benefits 45 Detailed Analysis: i. Strength – Opportunity Analysis. Strength: It is well know that ICICI Bank has the largest Authorised Capital Base in the Banking System in India i. e. having a total capacity to raise Rs. 19,000,000,000 (Non – Premium Value). Opportunity: Seeing the present financial economic development of Indian Economy and also the tremendous growth of the Indian Companies including the acquisition spree followed by them, it clearly states the expanding market for finance requirements nd also the growth in surplus disposal income of Indian citizens has given a huge rise in savings deposits – from the above point it is clear that there is a huge market expansion possible in banking sector in India. Strategy: From the analysis of Strength Opportunity the simple and 46 straight possible strategy for ICICI Bank could be – to penetrate into the rural sector of India for ex panding its market share as well as leading all other Pvt. Banks from a great gap. ii. Strength – Threat Analysis. Strength: ICICI Bank is not only known for large capital but also for having a ow operations cost though having huge number of branches and services provided. Threat: After showing a significant growth overall, India is able to attract many international financial banking institutes, which are known for their state of art working and keeping low operation costs. Strategy: To ensure that ICICI Bank keeps going on with low operation cost have continuous business it should simply promote itself well provide quality service so as to ensure customer loyalty, therefore guaranteeing continuous business. 47 iii. Weakness – Opportunity Analysis. Weakness: It is well known that workforce responsiveness in banking sector is Very low in Indian banking sector, though ICICI Bank has better responsible staff but it still lacks behind its counterparts like HSBC, HDFC BANK, CITI BANK, YES BANK etc. Opportunity: In the present world, India is preferred one of the best places for out – sourcing of business process works and many more. Strategy: As international companies are reaping huge benefits after out- sourcing there customer care BPO’s, this same strategy should be implemented by ICICI Bank so as to have proper customer ervice without hindering customer expectations. 48 iv. Weakness – Threat Analysis. Weakness: Though having a international presence, ICICI Bank has not been able to keep up the international standards in providing customer service as well as banking works. Threat: In recent times, India has witnessed entry of many international banks like CITI Bank, YES Bank etc which posses an external entrant threat to ICICI Bank – as this Banks are known for their art of working and maintain high standards of customer service. Strategy: After having new entrants threat, ICICI Bank should come up with More additional benefits to its customer or may be even reduce some fees for any additional works of customers. 49 PROJECT ON PLASTIC MONEY PLASTIC MONEY PLASTIC MONEY I give the project on Plastic Money to bank. The objective behind this project is to increase the rich customers list in a bank. Plastic Money title itself says the use of Credit Card and Debit Card in day to day transaction of the business. I prepared the presentation on it and 50 submitted to bank and Bank already started work on this project. Idea behind this project is to sale the bulk product. Target customer Of this project are two parties one is Wholesaler and second is Retailer. Due to this idea bank also sell their swipe machine to wholesaler and create brand image in the market. The idea behind this, bank give the credit card swipe machine to wholesalers and retailers use the credit card of the bank. Bank gives the 50 days credit to their credit card holders. So here retailers can get benefit of long credit period and on the other side wholesalers can get the benefit of same day payment. As a result bank got the wide list of customers of wholesalers and retailers. How to cite Report on Hdfc Bank, Papers

The Role of the Financial Manager

Nokia Corporation used to be one of the key leaders in the international market of mobile devices. Nokia is well-known for the superior quality of its mobile devices and navigation products. The company develops and supplies cell phones and smartphones, mobile computers and applications, as well as Internet services like music and messaging (Yahoo Finance, 2011).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of the Financial Manager – Nokia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Nokia’s current financial profile is not very attractive: the company failed to retain its leadership in the smartphone market and has almost lost its smartphone business (Butcher, 2010). The company is fighting to restore its position in the financial market, and the price of its shares slowly increases. Whether or not Nokia manages to improve its strategic and financial position depends on the quality and efficiency of the new CEOâ⠂¬â„¢s decisions and actions. Nokia, one of the leaders in the international market of mobile devices, is currently listed on the Frankfurt, Helsinki, and New York Stock Exchanges (Nokia, 2011). The latest closing data for the NYSE shows that the price of Nokia’s shares does not exceed $6.02 (Nokia, 2011; Yahoo Finance, 2011). The 52-week range for Nokia is $5.81-11.75, and it is possible to assume that Nokia is currently near the bottom of its financial performance (Yahoo Finance, 2011). The company was able to improve its financial position in the NYSE, but its corporate future does not look very bright. The company is facing numerous strategic issues. At the end of May, Nokia announced that it would not be able to make any profits on phone sales (Arthur, 2011). The company feels too weak against its competitors, Google and Apple: the former sells millions of cell phones with Android operating system, whereas the latter has turned its iPhone into the source of unprecedented profits (Arthur, 2011). The popularity of Nokia products in Europe and China is decreasing because of price (Arthur, 2011). Whether or not Nokia manages to improve its financial position depends upon the quality and efficiency of the new CEO’s strategic decisions. At the end of 2010, Nokia decided to replace its CEO Olli-Pekka Kallasvuo with Stephen Elop, who used to be the head of a business division at Microsoft (Butcher, 2010). Today, Elop is Nokia’s CEO (Nokia, 2011). Before Elop became the new Nokia’s CEO, he said that his main task was to lead the company through the period of change (Butcher, 2010). Elop was confident that superior financial performance was one of his main professional goals (Butcher, 2010). Little has changed since then: the company is losing its customers and cannot retain its position in the mobile devices market.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The company lost nearly 33% in stock prices over the last year (Yahoo Finance, 2011). Its payout ratio is 63.00% and its return on equity is 8.80% (Yahoo Finance, 2011). Apparently, Nokia is in the dire straits of the mobile devices business and needs an entirely new strategy to improve and capitalize its market position. Compared to 2010, investors holding Nokia’s shares have lost nearly 18%. Nokia hopes that its new CEO will give an impetus to the company’s movement towards new strategic highs. Obviously, the company needs a major move to remain competitive in the technological age. Positive changes in stock prices suggest that Nokia has a chance to revive itself against its competitors, but to make it happen, Nokia needs an entirely new strategic vision, mission, and direction. Years may pass before Nokia restores its position in the international mobile and cell phone industry. Until then, all Nokia can do is to fight with the ghost mills of its former popularity, while other technological giants are developing and selling brand new products. References Arthur, C. (2011). Nokia shares dive after sales warning. The Guardian. Web. Butcher, M. (2010). Nokia’s new CEO has a mobile mountain to climb. Tech Crunch. Web. Nokia. (2011). Investors resources. Nokia. Web. Yahoo Finance. (2011). Nokia Corporation. Yahoo Finance. Web.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of the Financial Manager – Nokia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on The Role of the Financial Manager – Nokia was written and submitted by user Rockslide to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. The Role of the Financial Manager

The World Of Warcraft As A Cultural Product Marketing Essay Essay Example

The World Of Warcraft As A Cultural Product Marketing Essay Essay Example The World Of Warcraft As A Cultural Product Marketing Essay Essay The World Of Warcraft As A Cultural Product Marketing Essay Essay Abstraction The outgrowths of new engineerings have brought alteration on cultural merchandises, creative persons are more competent and globalisation has widened up market operations for Warcraft games. Digitization adopted by assorted makers has increase communicating all over the universe and has allowed interaction among communities globally. Customer demand for faster and quality services is critical at a point where the market has got many participants viing. Research and development is critical to understand emerging client demand and market tendencies. This thesis paper analyses the profusion deepness and diverseness of cultural merchandises, 0.1 Introduction The universe is envisaged by promotion of engineerings which affects the society positively, the advent creativeness of societal networking has brought about divergent cultural linkages and inter-boundary communities through Warcraft games. The societal cultural effects and the originative Industry is traveling at a higher gait, nevertheless client demand are critical as good in which un scrupulous bargainers are taking advantage of an cognizant consumers, companies that create Warcraft games merchandises e.g. Blizzard are confronting, Warcraft is a franchise of video games and other media originally created by Blizzard amusement company, engineering has brought commanding practical enemies into the cultural originative industry with which value can be created to the benefit of a consumer upon public-service corporation, this are likely to be affected by market conditions, monetary values and the medium used for broadcast 0.2 Cultural industry A cultural industry refers to assorted concern entities that produce, distribute, market and sell merchandises as flatly in originative humanistic disciplines. The cultural industry involves the originative humanistic disciplines of production of games, films telecasting plans or music ; by and large it combines all right originative humanistic disciplines. Anything made by human existences is an single piece of work and look of purposes fro good being of a society, it is based on the creativeness of members of the society who exploit probationary political orientations for development of information, cultural industries a referred as originative economic system harmonizing to ( Howkwins 2001 ) Harmonizing to ( Howkins 2001 ) cultural industry or originative economic system s made up of advertisement, trades, manner research and development, music, movie, executing humanistic disciplines, package and publication merely to advert a few ( Howkins 2001 ) . Harmonizing to Florida 2002 the originative humanistic disciplines industry of the 20 first century is likely depend on creativeness and invention with which has come on age based on promotion of engineering, the basic dogmas of the cultural industry in future will be depended on quality design to bring forth value for persons and societies, the industry has become a pillar in economic development with which human creativeness is the ultimate economic resource. This is through fostering originative endowment to a knowing labour intensive society, making employment and wealth. The kernel in invention and creativeness will heighten creativeness accomplishments furthering advanced communities with cultural diverseness which improve economic public presentation. Digitization by major cultural industries globally unusually with regulative mechanism will promote intensive investing flow among states which consequences progressive concentration and market laterality likely by pudding stones . Harmonizing ( Fuller and Jenkins 1995 ) picture games tempt the participant to play longer, seting more and more quarters into the arcade machine ( or supplying play value for those who ve bought the game ) by unveiling of all time more dramatic microworlds, the disclosure of a new degree the wages for holding survived and mastered the old environment. 0.3 How tantrums as a cultural merchandise and how it digital games industry is a cultural industry 0.3.1 Features of a cultural merchandise 0.3.2 Experienced goods Customer acceptableness of merchandises and services is based on demand and quality, nevertheless this are affected by single gustatory sensation, cultural demands and penchants, many artiest holding the passion to rank top in cultural productions have vastly connected to consumers through engineering, nevertheless the cultural industry is non a practical place. The supply concatenation from the cultural merchandise of the maker and related services, quality production and selling activities to distribution hold added value on to the terminal consumer on cultural merchandises. Warcraft games in this instance and relevant to promotion of engineering can be easy accessed by consumer virtually. 0.3.3 Elastic demand Economic growing in assorted parts of the universe via international webs and globalisation has played a major function in demand, creativeness in the micro economic degree, end product, employment meet consumer demands for the Warcraft games merchandise, the virtue of engineering has added value in client demand on cultural goods ingestion making a high grade of volatility and capriciousness, research on consumer tendency hence becomes critical to understand emerging demands. That most of the cultural goods, its fixed costs are higher, while the variable costs are comparatively low 0.3.4 Vertically differentiated Differentiation is based on branding to make a merchandise with a competitory border that is typical from that of the rivals, this can be based on pricing and alteration of design in Warcraft games and create sense of value, pricing kineticss in a market in which two or Sellerss compete to information of goods or services to a population of purchasers across boundaries with an purpose to maximize net incomes, with globalisation it can be easier when organisations create amalgamations and corporations for merchandise circulation around the universe. Maximizing net incomes and stakeholder value can be achieved by Blizzard through its Warcraft games by making a strong trade name so as when the quality spreads between narrows due to roll uping and symmetric assorted bundling, monetary values and net incomes lessening but societal public assistance and consumer excess addition. This besides affects quality when distinction is a symmetric across Blizzard merchandises as may perplex pricing and net incomes which can be strategically emerge due to independence that assorted bundling creates. 0.3.5 Infinite assortment Human creativeness and competiveness for market portion is based on productiveness on Warcraft games all right humanistic disciplines, research and development plays a major function in underline procedure on new merchandise development and assortment e.g. based on use and characteristics, an administration can make merchandises based on assortments upon carry oning a market research and good understand the mark market, nevertheless engineering derives demands high every twenty-four hours. The production can be enticed on assorted cultural involvements to custom while gross revenues and purchase can be derived from the field of humanistic disciplines and civilization in the value concatenation. In this instance relationship direction is critical for success. It besides calls for investing on advertizements to make consciousness and remind consumers of new and existing merchandises, the medium for advertizement and pick of publication will besides depend on targeted audience in relati on to cost. With a assortment of merchandise available to consumers supported by strong trade name will make a competitory border. However to understand client BASIC besides require trained staff e.g. in engineering and client relationship direction which plays a major function and affects the positions of client of the Gods and services. 0.4 Pure Public Good The last offering of Warcraft games merchandises variant to the terminal user should be of quality. Availability of the merchandise might intend that ingestion of a merchandise by an person does non cut down handiness of the merchandises for ingestion by others and no consumer should be excluded from utilizing the merchandise globally, most merchandises might non sell good in the state of beginning but does so internationally. 0.5 Cost of Production The cost of production is the investing in resources that goes into a merchandise, eg capital, revenue enhancement and labor, when puting monetary values it is border added that should retrieve these investing, most sellers add mark-up monetary value or full cost pricing 0.6 Exclusive Devicess Denies private waiters by utilizing holding media governments to close them devouring them down. This is a critical function of the administration in value concatenation to guarantee the Wargame consumers are protected ; it is besides a necessity to supervise Wargame participants to acquire to cognize the tendencies on operations and even eschewing down unrealistic traders. 0.7 Copyrights and rational belongingss The universe has been witnessing much of counterfeited merchandises by scrupulous traders taking advantage of incognizant consumers, with this it is critical for Warcraft games to hold a strong trade name and protected holding under right of first publications and rational act under amusement Torahs, holding sophisticated package s and hardware s is besides necessary unscrupulous trading and violation and guarantee there is no misdemeanor of act. ( Digital Millennium Copyright Act ) Harmonizing to Throsby in 2003, he argues that due to cultural goods are contained advanced merchandises which is a manifestation of rational belongings, and be able to convey some kind of symbolic significance. He argues that the Godhead of cultural industries can follow a more laissez faire manner of direction, this is likely to assist avoid gait of work by Godheads and the environment rigidness and hardening. 0.8 Features of the Digital Games Industry 0.8.1Process of Production The package development procedure by which picture games are produced is called Game development. Well made games are a signifier of creative activity and they generate net income to the company and the person who comes up with the thought and they are normally founded by a publishing house. It is really of import to gauge the fiscal demands of the game so that one does non transcend the allocated budget. Inventions are of extreme importance to the publishing house as net incomes can non be got from imitations of other people s work. Due to the trouble in get downing a new company because of the high initial capital required, insouciant and nomadic game market has come up leting developers with smaller squads to come in the market, and when they become financially stable they develop larger games. The thought or construct is the root to Game development, production, and design which is normally a alteration of an existing game. Interior designers try out different combinations of gen res to come up with the best game. The game proposal papers contains the construct, game drama, feature list, puting and the narrative, mark audience, staff and budget estimations. Game design and development depends on a specific company because different companies have different formal processs and doctrines. 0.8.2 Risk Management There is hazard involved in games development undertakings, The traditional manner of covering with hazard is to disregard it and do up for it with overtime, or to embroider your undertaking continuances and milepost day of the months if possible, publishing houses, nevertheless, the lone manner that one can avoid hazard is when the game undertaking is a no-brainer and you have a seasoned squad with ample resorts, experience and engineering to carry through the undertaking. This is because they want to see that hazard was assessed in the pre-production stage to guarantee that safeguards were taken before the start of the undertaking or everything is under control in site of the many hazards. Mangers can besides asses hazard. Hazards that one identifies do non needfully stop up in the agenda but may act upon the manner things are done, who does the work or the solutions chosen for execution. The publishing house developer relationships should be honest. Hazards are normally found in a start up company or an established company. The appraisal of hazard normally entails bring forthing a list of possible jobs and likely impacts they may hold on the agenda. Hazards can be proficient and can besides be found in art and design. There are processs necessary when seting together a hazard appraisal. All hazards will non stop up being reflected on the agenda. Hazards and undertakings should non be confused. Risk direction is a good manner to place some research that ought to be done during pre-production. Particular characteristics or undertakings that are experimental in nature are associated with hazards. 0.8.3 Reducing Hazard A good appraisal describes back-up programs and explores other possible solutions that would cut down or extinguish the hazard. Some hazards can merely be mitigated by accounting for them in a maestro agenda while others can be reduced by other ways such as ; Extinguishing the design or altering the design. Strive to maintain it simple. Put your best people at work Pre-purchase your equipment. Check out other programs that might be a less gamble. Always have a backup program 0.9 Double merchandise market ( media good and entree to audience ) Picard ( 1989 ) explains that media industries are alone in that they function on double merchandise. That means although media companies produce one merchandise they participate in two separate good and service markets, this varies harmonizing, mark markets which varies on political, legal, economic, technological and environmental factors ( PESTEL ) 10 PRICE TO EARNING RATION 10.1 Price to Earnings Ratio = Price / Earnings Per Share ( EPS ) Share monetary value determines market strength of a company in a comparative economic system ; it is the step of monetary value relation to the one-year net income earned by the house by portion. PE ratio shows the current investor demands for a company portion, when the PE ratio is high it indicates increasing demand as investors anticipate net incomes growing in future, it besides show how much an investor is ready to pay on a one dollar of net incomes. PE ratio has figure of old ages that can be interpreted as clip taken to pay back purchase monetary value and can be calculated on appraisal of following twelvemonth s net incomes per portion. 11. THE WAY THE ORGANISATION WORKS 11.1 Final merchandise ever reflects a wow manner This is normally done to guarantee that the World of art is alone and typical. To accomplish this, the creative persons and manufacturers must travel through the art manager to help them concentrate on a wider scoop or wider shoulders and spikes to maintain the art manner WoWish. 11.2The administration has constrains and ends Cultural merchandises need a batch of money to bring forth, hence the administration has no clip to easy bring forth one merchandise by one because of the demand to maximize net incomes. The more the company produces the easier for them to interrupt even. A good illustration is in the production of Starcraft 2 and wow where the catastrophe went on at the same time. the term catastrophe is the 3rd enlargement for World of Warcraft. 11.2 Employees Blizzard which creates Warcraft games is more predictable and this leads to a larger nucleus squad than contract workers one of the grounds why this is because they want to maintain the rational belongingss within the company and because they hire on undertaking to project footing. Most of the employees are extremely educated and passionate since they are creative persons and coders so they do it with passion. To avoid many hazards and costs, workers have to maintain themselves updated with the new package s and engineering in the market. Decision The creative person creativeness as the cardinal merchandise remains at the Centre of cultural merchandises, nevertheless related services such as digitisation through outgrowth of new engineerings and invention is determining consumer behavior, in expectancy of these engineerings there is a displacement of computing machine games lovers concentrating attending on to originative potencies of the emerging medium, globalisation has opened up markets increasing competitory. An chance for creative persons to draw a bead on towards consistent growing and develop more in-depth cognition has eloped in industry games. The aspect revolves around the creativeness, invention and consumer experience. Merchandise fond regards are built-in for the development of cultural merchandise composed of beliefs and behaviors chiefly based on incorporate forms on human cognition can be centre phase and symbolic points for societal acquisition.

150 Other Words for Said To Supercharge Your Writing (Infographic)

150 Other Words for Said To Supercharge Your Writing (Infographic) 150+ Other Words for "Said" To Supercharge Your Writing â€Å"Dialogue tags† is one of those writerly terms that sounds more complicated than it actually is. You’ve almost certainly used tags (including "said" and all other words for said) in your writing at some point, even if you didn't realize it consciously!But how can you really use them when you’re not entirely sure how they work? If that sounds like you, don't worry; this article will sort you out. Read on for your ultimate guide to dialogue tags - with tips on how to use them in an effective manner and our curated list of 150+ other words for "said." We'll actually start with the latter, for those of you who already know how dialogue tags work and are looking for the perfect synonym.150+ other words for "said"â€Å"Said† is the most common dialogue tag in the English language, and for good reason: it gets the job done. But every so often, you want to kick your writing up a notch with a different tag - that's where this list comes in! Here are 150+ oth er words for said, divided by emotion and/or conversational context to help you find the right word.Or, if you want to take it with you, click on the "Infographic" section in the table of contents (to your left) and download a list of all these words for free! Without further ado, here is a veritable mountain of words to use instead of said.Neutral wordsEach of these words is basically a like-for-like replacement for "said. Infographic (to download)Simply enter your email below to get this infographic in your inbox within minutes.Luckily, figuring out your dialogue tags isn't  quite  this difficult. Image: Paramount Pictures4. Experiment with placementThis is something you can do to keep your dialogue tags fresh and interesting without resorting to overblown verbs. Though so far we’ve only used tags at the end of dialogue, you can also put them at the beginning or in the middle! It requires slightly different punctuation, but pretty much all you need to do is re-order your original phrase to accomplish this.Let’s return to our very first example: â€Å"I can’t wait to read this article,† Rita said. This could become:Rita said, â€Å"I can’t wait to read this article."Or, if you want it to sound more dramatic:â€Å"I can’t wait,† Rita said, â€Å"to read this article.†Again, it’s an easy fix for repetitive tags. Try to stay conscious of how you’re using them, and if you find that too many of your â€Å"he said, she said†s (so to speak) are landing at the end of your dialogue, feel free to mix it up!5. Use description as dialogue tagsThe final way to create dialogue tags in your writing is: don’t use them at all. Or rather, use something else to serve the same function - specifically, description.Using description to indicate who’s speaking is a subtle yet powerful means of tagging your dialogue. Experienced writers employ this technique frequently, and anyone can do so once they understand how! Here’s an example of how description might be used as a dialogue tag:Sara gazed around the room as she paced, trailing her fingers over the furniture. She stopped and looked over her shoulder at Sam. â€Å"Are you sure this is a good idea?†We can clearly tell that Sara is the one talking based on the description: it’s all about her and what she’s doing. At the end, we also get a subject for her to address (Sam).You can also put the dialogue first, followed by the description to clarify:â€Å"We’ve got to catch him! Come on guys, hop in!† Jason hurriedly started the truck, which made a noise like a broken blender.Or you can even have the description in the middle of two pieces of dialogue:â€Å"Oh my God, what happened in here?† Alicia had just come through the doorway and stood frozen in her tracks. Her expression was a mask of horror. â€Å"It looks like a tornado hit!†Basically, you can put this descriptive â€Å"tag† anywhere you want in relation to the dialogue: before, after, or in the middle. As long as there’s something to demonstrate who’s speaking, as well as to what or whom they’re referring, that’s all you need.TakeawaysDialogue tags are a vital tool that every writer should know how to use correctly. Hopefully, this post has helped you understand how to use tags to clarify who’s speaking, as well as how to avoid distracting from what’s being said. Remember, the dialogue is the crown jewel here - but the tag is the solid pedestal that keeps it from falling. 💠ªWhat are your best tips for dialogue tags? Let us know in the comments! 150 Other Words for Said To Supercharge Your Writing (Infographic) 150+ Other Words for "Said" To Supercharge Your Writing â€Å"Dialogue tags† is one of those writerly terms that sounds more complicated than it actually is. You’ve almost certainly used tags (including "said" and all other words for said) in your writing at some point, even if you didn't realize it consciously!But how can you really use them when you’re not entirely sure how they work? If that sounds like you, don't worry; this article will sort you out. Read on for your ultimate guide to dialogue tags - with tips on how to use them in an effective manner and our curated list of 150+ other words for "said." We'll actually start with the latter, for those of you who already know how dialogue tags work and are looking for the perfect synonym.150+ other words for "said"â€Å"Said† is the most common dialogue tag in the English language, and for good reason: it gets the job done. But every so often, you want to kick your writing up a notch with a different tag - that's where this list comes in! Here are 150+ oth er words for said, divided by emotion and/or conversational context to help you find the right word.Or, if you want to take it with you, click on the "Infographic" section in the table of contents (to your left) and download a list of all these words for free! Without further ado, here is a veritable mountain of words to use instead of said.Neutral wordsEach of these words is basically a like-for-like replacement for "said. Simply enter your email below to get this infographic in your inbox within minutes.Luckily, figuring out your dialogue tags isn't  quite  this difficult. Image: Paramount Pictures4. Experiment with placementThis is something you can do to keep your dialogue tags fresh and interesting without resorting to overblown verbs. Though so far we’ve only used tags at the end of dialogue, you can also put them at the beginning or in the middle! It requires slightly different punctuation, but pretty much all you need to do is re-order your original phrase to accomplish this.Let’s return to our very first example: â€Å"I can’t wait to read this article,† Rita said. This could become:Rita said, â€Å"I can’t wait to read this article."Or, if you want it to sound more dramatic:â€Å"I can’t wait,† Rita said, â€Å"to read this article.†Again, it’s an easy fix for repetitive tags. Try to stay conscious of how you’re using t hem, and if you find that too many of your â€Å"he said, she said†s (so to speak) are landing at the end of your dialogue, feel free to mix it up!5. Use description as dialogue tagsThe final way to create dialogue tags in your writing is: don’t use them at all. Or rather, use something else to serve the same function - specifically, description.Using description to indicate who’s speaking is a subtle yet powerful means of tagging your dialogue. Experienced writers employ this technique frequently, and anyone can do so once they understand how! Here’s an example of how description might be used as a dialogue tag:Sara gazed around the room as she paced, trailing her fingers over the furniture. She stopped and looked over her shoulder at Sam. â€Å"Are you sure this is a good idea?†We can clearly tell that Sara is the one talking based on the description: it’s all about her and what she’s doing. At the end, we also get a subject for he r to address (Sam).You can also put the dialogue first, followed by the description to clarify:â€Å"We’ve got to catch him! Come on guys, hop in!† Jason hurriedly started the truck, which made a noise like a broken blender.Or you can even have the description in the middle of two pieces of dialogue:â€Å"Oh my God, what happened in here?† Alicia had just come through the doorway and stood frozen in her tracks. Her expression was a mask of horror. â€Å"It looks like a tornado hit!†Basically, you can put this descriptive â€Å"tag† anywhere you want in relation to the dialogue: before, after, or in the middle. As long as there’s something to demonstrate who’s speaking, as well as to what or whom they’re referring, that’s all you need.TakeawaysDialogue tags are a vital tool that every writer should know how to use correctly. Hopefully, this post has helped you understand how to use tags to clarify who’s speaking, a s well as how to avoid distracting from what’s being said. Remember, the dialogue is the crown jewel here - but the tag is the solid pedestal that keeps it from falling. 💠ªWhat are your best tips for dialogue tags? Let us know in the comments!

How is Entropy and Information Gain Theory used in Coding Theory Research Paper

How is Entropy and Information Gain Theory used in Coding Theory - Research Paper Example In a communication arrangement, two sources of coding are evident, the first one is the source coding, which focuses on efficiency provision of digital presentation from source signal. Secondly, we have the channel coding mainly the error-control coding which is for the provision of reliable communications through noisy channels (Ashikhmin, Barg & Dimacs 47) In coding theory, entropy and information gain theory offers various roles. Firstly, it is concerned with data reduction, which happens mostly studying a given task and coming across extra material called side information. This will result to the need of data reduction. Therefore, appliance of entropy and information will be of pronounced meaning because it will lessen the extra information. This theory can also interpret the extra information to represent context or situation information (Roth 6). Secondly, entropy and information theory concerns the determination of indecision that is allied with the given information. For exam ple, if certain specific information is on conduction and this theory happens to known it before the transmission of that material, it will lead to the failure of that information going through transmission. Entropy focuses on maximization during the equiprobable of meanings thus determining vagueness (Roth 7). Thirdly, this theory promotes intelligence and application of secrecy to information. These concepts mostly apply to cryptography compounded with cryptanalysis (Roth 7). It focuses on the redundancy of plaintext by giving the least quantity of ciphertext ensuring exceptional decipherability. Here information theory makes us be certain that it is hard to keep any secret (Golomb, Peile & Scholtz 202). Fourthly, entropy and information gain theory deals with the gathering of unpolluted disciplines, which have already gone through investigation and transformed to engineering practice. It deals with very broad applications thus the vitality of coding theory. Fifthly, this theory i s important when it comes to â€Å"error-correcting codes† in computers with high-speed memories (Cover & Thomas 13). These codes are of vital use when it comes to enhancing the reliability of computer memories. Here the computers contain unusual features that are rarely in communication applications. These errors are due to encoding, decoding, and uncommon type of errors. When this occurs, the entropy and information gain theory are able to detect double error appearing at the same time, correcting the single errors (Cover & Thomas 13). Source coding theory is about well-organized demonstration of given data that are from a certain information source (Gray 34). For example when it is an image-coding, achieving source coding can be through manipulating terminations of that image. To attain â€Å"noiseless source coding†, the measures of given information and its complexity should be observed. Central to this, the entropy and information theory is of application when it comes to detection of total information. This theory also helps when it comes to arithmetic coding compounded with statistical modeling (Kannappan 174). Arithmetic coding avoids assigning certain bit of given patterns to the original source symbol. In entropy and information theory, a connotation with a code is given and it concludes the order of symbol. These code words have sub intervals showing the disparity

The Speeches of Richmond and Richard in Shakespeare's Richard III Essay

The Speeches of Richmond and Richard in Shakespeare's Richard III - Essay Example In Act III, Richard has the two princes imprisoned in the Tower of London. He also gets rid of all the people who might stand between him and the throne and spreads the rumor that Edward's marriage to Elizabeth was invalid and hence the children illegitimate and did not have right to the throne. In Act IV, Richard is finally crowned the King of England. However, he still fells insecure that the princes may one day stake their claim at the throne and so has them killed. The last and the final Act, shows the preparations for the Battle, the actual battle and Richard's death in a bloody duel with Richmond. Richmond does not enter the play until the final Act, but as the one who finally defeats Richard his character is shown to be virtuous in contrast to the evil Richard. The contrast between Richard and Richmond's characters is best brought out in the speeches that the two give to their respective armies just before the start of the Battle. The Act V, Scene III shows the preparations ma de by the two warring sides on the night before and early morning of the battle. Scene III is one of the longest scenes of the play and culminates with the two commanders addressing their troops. The two speeches bring out the basic characteristics of Richard and Richmond. ... Also, by promising that he would martyr himself if the need arises, he showed that he was a leader of men. Richard, on the other hand, tells the soldiers that their adversaries were not worthy people and were just "scum of Bretons, and base lackey peasants" and were led by a "paltry fellow", "a milk-sop". His speech does not say anything that would lift his soldiers' spirits or fill them with enthusiasm to defeat the enemy. If anything, the speech made it look like that defeating the invaders should be a child's play. The ineffectiveness of the speech and his words raise questions regarding Richard's leadership abilities. Richard was fighting the battle to protect his kingdom and his right to the throne. As such he should have been much more motivated to win the battle and prove to everyone that he truly deserved to be the king. Unfortunately, he did not take Richmond's threat seriously. Richard had ascended the throne with relative ease by either convincing people to side with him o r killing those who opposed him. He thought of himself as an intelligent and charismatic person who could get anything that he wanted. Until the battle of the Bosworth Field, he had never really been challenged because he had taken care to kill all those who could challenge him. As a result, his speech reflected his arrogance. Unlike Richmond, Richard's speech did not promise to lead his troops from the front or to die for the cause if need be. Instead, he arrogantly told his troops to "whip these stragglers o'er the seas again" because the invaders were not worthy enough to "enjoy our lands". He did not appeal to his soldiers to protect the honor of the land from foreigners,

Zora Neale Hurston Essay -- Zora Neale Hurston

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout the history of our great nation, we have been blessed with many great writers those black and white. Some of these writers have left profoundly inspirational impressions on our lives, touching us in a way that will never be forgotten. During the â€Å" â€Å"Roaring 20’s,† many new aspects of life were introduced to American society, forever changing our lives. Along with the â€Å"Roaring 20’s,† came the Harlem Renaissance, a cultural movement during which black art, literature, and music received much deserved credit. It originated in New York City's Harlem district and was also called the Black Renaissance, or New Negro Movement. It was quite common in African-American society for people to exchange tales and folklores that stemmed as far back as their ancestor’s days in Africa. One of the most accomplished writers of this time was a beautiful, young and extremely intelligent woman. This young woman took this comm on practice and used them in her novels and tales. It was this simple yet intriguing idea for writing stories that helped launch Zora into the forefront of the Harlem Renaissance. Regardless, of her trying and discouraging lifestyle as a child, Zora chose to press onward and upward throughout her life. Zora had more than her fair share of hardships from her early childhood up until her last days on this earth. Though tough times were all too frequent, Zora continuously worked tirelessly towards her destiny. In her lifetime she was acknowledged as a leading force for the Harlem Renaissance, forever revolutionizing America’s views of African-American’s as well as the great intelligence and creative capability of women. Through her short stories, poems, and novels Zora was able to reach many people nation wide and therefore further express her views and beliefs to those black and white.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On January 7, 1891 in Notasulga, Alabama Lucy Ann Potts Hurston gave birth to the sixth of her eight children. This child was given the name Zora or â€Å"light of dawn,† little did her parents know, she would certainly live up to her meaningful name. Lucy Ann Potts Hurston was an elementary school teacher until she later married John Hurston, a mulatto pastor of Zion Hope Baptist Church and the Macedonia Baptist church, farmer, carpenter and later Mayor of Eatonville of 1897 serving three terms. When she was th... ... using blacks as a means of buying votes. In 1954 she criticized the desegregation ruling in Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka, Ks. In this article she stated that she believed that black children and white children should not attend the same schools.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Zora went on writing many publications that separated her from blacks; she was marked as a traitor. For this reason she spent her last days alone and in poverty working as a domestic until falling ill and dying of a stroke in 1960. However controversial, Zora will be remembered for her great contributions to the Harlem Renaissance and fine literary works. She has been a very influential and a true inspirational figure to many writers of today. One that comes to mind is a local playwright by the name of Mari Evans, who recently did a rendition of Hurston’s novel Their Eyes Were Watching God, titled â€Å"Eyes† Zora had a different outlook on life than most African Americans of her time but has remained the cornerstone of the Harlem Renaissance making black culture known and felt by all. That is why Zora will remain an outstanding and successful pillar in the literary world for many years to come.